1.5 Bends

1. K. Horii, Y. Matsumae, X. Cheng, M. Takei and B. Hashimoto, An Erosion Resistant Pipe Bend, Journal of Fluids Engineering American Society of Mechanical Engineer 113-149 (1991) 149-151.

2. H. Kalman and D. Goder, Pressure Drop, Wear and Attrition in Various Bends for Pneumatic Conveying Pipe-Lines, in Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Vol. VI, pp. 411-416, San-Diego, USA, 1996.

3. G.E. Klinzing, A Comparison of Pressure Losses in Bends Between Recent Data & Models for Gas ‑ Solid Flow, Canadian J Chemical Eng 58 (1980) 670.

4. G.E. Klinzing, R.D. Marcus and J.D. Hilbert Jr, The Flow Through Bends in Pneumatic Conveying Systems, J Pipelines 4 (1984) 103.

5. G.E. Klinzing and M. Mathur, Pressure Loss in Bends in Pneumatic Transport of Coal, J Pipelines 5 (1986) 203.

6. G.E. Klinzing, D.J. Wildman and J.M. Ekmann, Flow Studies of Highly Loaded Coal‑Water Mixtures Around Bends and Across Horizontal Sections, in Proceedings of 9th International Technical Conference on Slurry Transport, Lake Tahoe, NV, March 1984.

7. A. Levy and D.J. Mason, The Effect of a Bend on the Particles Cross-Section Concentration and Segregation in Pneumatic Conveying Systems, Powder Technology 98 (1998) 95- 103.

8. D.J. Mason, P. Marjanovic and A. Levy, The Influence of Bends on the Performance of Pneumatic Conveying Systems, Advanced Powder Technology 95 (1998) 7-14.

9. Y. Morikawa, Y. Tsuji, K. Matsui and Y. Jittani, Pressure Drops Due to Pipe Bends in Air-Solid Two-Phase Flows: Circular and Elliptical Bends, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 4 (1978) 575-583.

10. M.L. Riethmuller and Y. Tomita, LDV and Pressure Measurements of Gas Particle Flows in Bends, von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics - Technical Note (VKI-TN) 163 (1987).

11. N. Shimomizuki, T. Adachi, T. Tanaka and Y. Tsuji, Numerical Analysis of Particle Dynamics in a Bend of a Rectangular Duct by the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Method, Gas-Solid Flows 1993, ASME FED-Vol. 166, pp. 145-152, 1993.

12. T. Tanaka, Y. Tsuji and Y. Morikawa, Measurements of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow through a Bend, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Mechanics of Two-Phase Flows, pp. 189-193, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, June 1989.

13. Y. Tsuji and Y. Morikawa, Computer Simulation for Pneumatic Transport in Pipes with Bends, in Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Pneumatic Transport of Solids in Pipes, BHRA Fluid Engineering, Vol. 1 (Paper B1), 1978.

14. S. Venkatasubranmanian, H. Tashiro, G.E. Klinzing and K. Mykelbust, Solids Flow Behavior in Bends: Assessing Fine Solids Buildup, Powder Technology 113 (2000) 124-131.

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